![]() The element and its oxide are transparent to infrared light. It is crystalline and brittle, and keeps its gleam in air. ![]() _Properties: _Germanium has a melting point of 937.4☌, and a boiling point of 2830☌. Here is the atomic structure for silicon: On earth, it is not found openly in nature, and is commonly included in sand, quartz, amethyst, agate, flint, jasper, opal, and citrine. Silicon is found in many places, such as the sun, starts, and meteorites. Silicon itself makes up 25.7% of the earth’s crust. _Sources: _Silicon is the second most abundant resource of the world, and the first most abundant resource we have is oxygen. Silicon is used to produce transistors, solar cells, rectifiers, and other important electronic devices. It is most important for plant and animal life. Uses: Silicon is one of the most widely used elements. The element transmits over 95% of all infrared wavelengths. Silicon is fairly motionless, but is attacked by watered-down alkali and by halogens. Properties: The melting point of silicon is 1410☌ and the boiling point is 2355☌. Word Origin: Latin: silicis, silex: flint The first shell holds two electrons and the second shell holds three. Plants, over a period of time, absorb boron. Boron is created when humans manufacture glass, combusting coal, etc. Sources: You can obtain boron from kernite. 10H2O) borax (formed by boron)is most commonly used as cosmetics or laundry products (ie.A compound of of boron is borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate Na2B4O7 Uses: Boron filaments are used for advanced aerospace structures because they are strong yet light (that is what makes them a metalloid). Non Metallic Properties: Fairly low density Metallic Properties: High melting point, can conduct electricity, conducts heat well, ductile, and shiny At a lower temperature boron is a poor conductor, but at a higher temperature boron is a good conductor. The melting point of boron is 2003 ☌ and the boiling point of boron is 2550 ☌. _Word Origin: _joining the two words borax and carbon together For example, boron acts as a nonmetal when reacting with sodium yet as a metal when reacting with fluorine.Įlectronegativities between those of metals and nonmetalsĭiscovered by: Sir Humphry Davy and J.L Gay-Lussac Reactivity: The reactivity of a metalloid depends on the element they are reacting with. Ionization energies for metalloids are between those of metals and those of non-metals. Ionization: Ionization occurs when an atom loses an electron and is no longer neutral. They conduct electricity better than non-metals (which don't conduct electricity at all), but they don't conduct as well as other metals. Metalloids are semiconuctors: The metalloids' ablility to conduct is between those of a metal and those of a non-metal. Since metalloids are part metal and part non-metal, many of the chemical properties they share are between the chemical propterties of metals and non-metals. It is very shiny, like many metals, but like a non-metal, it is brittle, not malleable.ģ)Also, germanium share the same two physical properties mentioned in silicon above. On the other hand, boron isn't very dense, sharing a common physical porperty with many non-metals.Ģ)Another example is silicon. Here is a table of the properties of metals and non-metals.Īs mentioned before, the metalloids share some physical properties of metals and non-metals.ġ)For example, boron, like many other metalsis ductile. What makes elements metalloids is some of them share properties of metals, while at the same time they share properties of non-metals. We have their symbol, atomic number, atmoic mass, a few properties, and a few uses for metalloids. The Periodic Table of Elements-The location of the metalloids:īelow is some basic information on the metalloids. These elements all rest next to the staircase (imaginary line on the table from boron diagonally going down to astatine) whether above or below. The metalloids are Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Polonium, Tellurium, Astatine, Arsenic, and Antimony. For example some metalloids can have a high melting point (like a metal) yet have a low density (like a non-metal). Elements that are metalloids have some properties of metals and some properties of non-metals. Metalloids are the borderline between metals and non-metals.
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